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Unlike modern cameras that utilize encrypted HTTPS protocols and complex authentication tokens, early IP cameras often utilized HTTP on port 80. Many generic cameras relied on a CGI (Common Gateway Interface) script named viewerframe to serve video content.
The "ViewerFrame" part of the link is a specific page or directory within that web server’s file structure. The "Mode" parameter tells the server how to deliver the video. Common modes include:
Because ViewerFrame mode links accept external link parameters, they can be abused for open redirects or XSS attacks if improperly sanitized.