Traditional Japanese music, such as enka (ballad singing) and traditional folk music, continues to be popular, with many artists incorporating modern elements into their performances. Japan's vibrant music scene is also reflected in its numerous music festivals, such as the Tokyo Music Festival and the Fuji Rock Festival, which attract millions of music lovers every year.

: These are the crown jewels of Japanese exports. Manga has been a widespread social phenomenon since the 1990s, while anime has fundamentally influenced Western animation styles and visual design.