This is the primary component, involving the cultivation of cereals (rice, wheat, maize), pulses, oilseeds, and cash crops. Crop rotation and intercropping are used to maintain soil health. Crop residues, which were previously burned or discarded, are utilized as cattle feed or compost material.
The rice straw feeds the cows. The cow dung feeds the biogas plant. The biogas slurry fertilizes the rice field. The surplus slurry and cow urine fertilize the fish pond. The fish pond water irrigates the fruit trees. The farmer sells rice, milk, fish, and fruit. Nothing goes to waste. integrated farming system model
An Integrated Farming System is a resource-management strategy that combines multiple agricultural enterprises—such as cropping, livestock, aquaculture, poultry, and beekeeping—within a single farm unit. This is the primary component, involving the cultivation
Poultry birds are often integrated to control pests in the fields. In a "backyard poultry" integration, birds scavenge on farm waste and insects, converting it into eggs and meat. Ducks can be integrated specifically with fish farming; their droppings fertilize the pond water to encourage plankton growth (fish food), and they help control snail pests in the fields. The rice straw feeds the cows