The book systematically refutes the claims of the Qadariyyah (those who deny divine decree) who claimed that humans create their own actions entirely independent of Allah. Al-Bukhari uses verses from the Quran and Hadith to prove that even the movement of a leaf is under Allah’s knowledge and power.
: A detailed analysis of its contents, including how Bukhari defends the affirmation of Allah’s attributes (like Speech and Highness), can be found on Salafi Bookstore . khalq af 39-al al-ibad english pdf
A crucial nuance in this work is Bukhari's distinction between the Quran itself (uncreated) and the human's physical recitation of it (the voice and movements, which are created). The book systematically refutes the claims of the
For those interested in reading the Khalq Af 39-Al Al-Ibad in English, a PDF version of the translation is available online. [Insert link to PDF] This translation aims to provide a faithful rendering of the original Arabic text, making it possible for a broader audience to engage with this important work. A crucial nuance in this work is Bukhari's