Add 1 cm of activated charcoal — critical for absorbing toxins and preventing rot.

Pour 1–2 inches of pebbles into the bottom. This creates a reservoir for excess water and prevents root rot.

This will walk you through the science, the step-by-step construction, troubleshooting, and the profound beauty of creating a world that breathes on its own.

Nutrient-rich potting soil. Avoid heavy fertilizers, as you want slow, steady growth. 3. Choosing the Inhabitants