data = Dukascopy().get_instrument('EUR/USD', 'M1', start='2020-01-01', end='2020-12-31') print(data.head())

Always test your data integrity by comparing a downloaded CSV’s daily high/low with a free source like Investing.com. Minor discrepancies can occur, but major gaps should be investigated before backtesting.

prices, which is essential for accurate backtesting of spreads. : Available in (MetaTrader), and Dukascopy Bank SA How to Access and Download

Calculate the actual spread: (Ask Price - Bid Price) / Pip Size . If your strategy trades on limit orders, you care about the Bid. If market orders, you care about the Ask.

Most brokers provide "1-minute" or "1-hour" OHLCV (Open, High, Low, Close, Volume) data. Dukascopy provides . A tick is every single change in the bid/ask price. By aggregating their ticks, you can reconstruct any timeframe (1-second, 5-minute, 4-hour) with 100% mathematical accuracy.

Dukascopy provides high-quality historical tick and bar data

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